A HiPot (High Potential tester) is an electrical test instrument used to apply high voltages to an electrical component in order to verify the strength of its insulation. In other words, it is a tool that simulates extreme voltage conditions to see whether a cable, motor, transformer, or switchboard can withstand them without its insulation failing.

What exactly does a HiPot tester do?

Applies a voltage well above the normal operating level between the live conductors and ground (or between phases).
Monitors the leakage current that may pass through the insulation.
Detects whether there is a dielectric breakdown or a weak point in the insulating material.

What parts does a HiPot tester have?

A typical HiPot tester includes:

Part	Function
High-voltage source	Generates the test voltage (AC, DC, or VLF).
Current meter	Measures the leakage current or dielectric discharge.
Screen or display	Shows the measured values (voltage, current, time, etc.).
Test controls	Allow adjustment of the voltage, duration, test type, etc.
Connection terminals	To connect the tester to the system under test.
Safety protections	Detect overloads and excessive leakage, and stop the test if necessary.

Types of HiPot testers

Tester type	Main application
AC HiPot	Verifies insulation with alternating current (50/60 Hz).
DC HiPot	Ideal for long cables, uses direct current.
VLF HiPot	Uses very low frequency (0.1 Hz), ideal for medium-voltage cables.